Abstract

Sexual differences in behaviours are often affected by the difference in individual interests between the sexes: growth in males and egg production in females. Some hermit crabs show sexual differences in shell use patterns during the reproductive season. In the non-reproductive season, however, when both sexes are focused on increasing growth, this sexual difference is expected to be reduced. In this study, we compared the pattern of shell use in the hermit crabPagurus minutusbetween seasons, while focusing on the effects of shell shape on growth or egg production. As we predicted, sexual differences in shell use inP. minutusshowed seasonal change. In the non-reproductive season, both sexes appeared to use shells well suited for growth. In the reproductive season, sexual differences became more evident, especially in larger solitary crabs and guarding pairs; males monopolized round-type shells such as those ofUmbonium moniliferum, whereas more than 80% of females relied on high-spiredBatillaria-type shells such as those ofBatillaria zonalis. A lack of advantage for egg number in females usingBatillaria-type shells suggests that female shell use is explained by factors other than maximizing clutch size. Both sexes can moult during the reproductive season, and larger body size is advantageous for reproduction. Given thatBatillaria-type shells resulted in a lower growth increment and males have an advantage in shell fights in congeneric crabs, our findings suggest the importance of intersexual competition for shells and female compromise in determining the seasonal change of shell use patterns inP. minutus.

Sexual size dimorphism is a common phenomenon in the animal kingdom, and its seasonal change has been reported in some species that possess traits dimorphic only in males and specialized for male mating success. However, few studies have examined seasonal change in sexual dimorphism of traits possessed by both sexes. Here, we examined the reproductive biology of the hermit crab Pagurus minutus, at a sandflat in the Waka River estuary, Japan, with special reference to seasonal changes in sexual dimorphism of the large claw (major cheliped) size by conducting population and precopulatory guarding-pair sampling. Previous investigation demonstrated that the major cheliped is used as a weapon, and its size, more than body size, determines the winner in male-male contests of this species. We found ovigerous females from November to April, peaking in January, when 80% of females were ovigerous. Sexual size dimorphism of the major cheliped was observed; the degree of dimorphism increased in the reproductive season, when only males possessed an enlarged major cheliped. In addition, in the reproductive season, precopulatory guarding males had a larger body and larger relative size of the major cheliped than did solitary males, although the major cheliped size in guarding males seemed to reach an upper limit. These results suggest that seasonal change in sexual dimorphism of the major cheliped size in P. minutus strongly reflects sexual selection favoring the development of this natural weaponry, and that the degree of the dimorphism might be limited through natural selection.

Physical traits such as body size and weapon size typically reflect an individual's resource holding potential (RHP). During male-male contests, contestants use these traits to assess their own and their opponent's RHP. However, the advertisement of RHP does not always predict contest outcome. Here, we examined whether assessment index (body size or weapon size [major cheliped size]) and assessment tactics (self or mutual) are predictors of outcome in male-male contests of the hermit crab Pagurus minutus. In experimental contests over guarded females, intruders did not escalate the contest when their major cheliped was smaller than their opponent's, implying that intruders use mutual assessment based on weapon size when deciding whether to escalate a contest. After escalation, intruders succeeded in taking over females within a shorter period of time with increasing major cheliped size relative to their opponent's. Overall, males with a major cheliped that was larger than their opponent's were more likely to win the contest, although some intruders later stopped guarding the female they had taken over. The importance of relative weapon size after escalation indicates that mutual assessment was also used in this phase of male-male contests. Together, these results suggest that males of P. minutus use mutual assessment based on weapon size throughout male-male contests, and that weapon size is an honest index of RHP.
We examined whether assessment index (body or weapon size) and tactics (self or mutual) are predictors of outcome in male-male contests of the hermit crab Pagurus minutus. Intruders did not escalate contests when their major cheliped was smaller than their opponent's, implying that mutual assessment based on weapon size was used to decide whether to escalate contests. After escalation, intruders succeeded in taking over females within a shorter period of time and were more likely to win with increasing weapon size relative to their opponent's. The importance of relative weapon size after escalation indicated that mutual assessment was also used in this phase of contests. Together, these results suggest that males of P. minutus use mutual assessment based on weapon size throughout male-male contests, and that weapon size is an honest index of actual strength.

In dyadic contests, theoretical studies have predicted that weaker contestants are less likely to engage in fights to minimize the cost of aggression. Since the major cheliped of decapod crustaceans is critically important as a weapon, contestants without a major cheliped should be more likely to give up the contests. We therefore examined whether loss of the major cheliped by the hermit crab Pagurus minutus would affect their decision to escalate male-male contests over guarded females. Intruders without a major cheliped showed no difference in the frequency of escalation compared with intact intruders, and the decision to give up was affected by the body size difference between the contestants. After escalation, compared with intact intruders, intruders without a major cheliped had significantly decreased success of takeover of a female from opponents, suggesting a strong disadvantage of losing their major cheliped. Although the decision of weaponless intruders to escalate seems irrational, several factors, such as poor accuracy of resource holding potential assessment, the influence of body size, and a high benefit to cost ratio of male-male contests, may have affected their behavior.

Current signaling theories predict that animal signals are generally honest, but each signaling system allows some admixture of deception. Male fiddler crabs fight aggressively through use of their greatly enlarged major claw, which grows on the left or right side. Some males have fragile regenerated claws (regenerated males) and others have robust original claws (original males), but crabs cannot visually discriminate between the two types. In the present study, we conducted field observations in a population of Uca lactea to investigate how regenerated males fight with their inferior weapons, and how other males deal with the potential deception. Regenerated males employed bluffing tactics; they pretended to be aggressive to deter opponents, but surrendered when the fight escalated. Regenerated males tended to choose smaller and opposite-handed opponents, probably because claws can be grappled tightly in same-handed fights. The bluffing tactics seemed to be partially successful, because regenerated males were not selectively challenged by other males and defeated original males in 41.7 % of the cases. However, original males developed counter-bluff tactics, such as choosing same-handed opponents and persisting in contests even when the opponent was larger. Consequently, original males defeated regenerated males equipped with longer a claw in 42.9 % of the cases. In the most striking case, an original male evicted a resident male from his burrow despite the 42.7 % longer regenerated claw. This counter-bluff tactic decreases the reliance on the signal of strength (weapon size) and limits the benefit of bluffing.
Male fiddler crab (Uca lactea) fight with their major claw, which grows on either the left or right side. However, males with fragile a regenerated claw (regenerated males) which were similar in size to an original claw made deception in the fights. Regenerated males employed bluffing tactics; they behaved aggressively to deter opponents, but surrendered when the fight escalated. They chose smaller and opposite-handed opponents, because claws can be grappled tightly in same-handed fights. As a result, they defeated males with an original claw (original males) in 41.7 % of the cases. Interestingly, however, original males developed a counter-bluff tactic: they chose same-handed opponents and persisted in contests even when the opponent was larger. Consequently, 42.9 % of original males defeated regenerated males equipped with a larger claw. This counter-bluff tactic serves to "call the bluff" and limit the benefits of bluffing.

We investigated osmoregulatory ability of Pagurus minutus from three sites on the Waka River estuary (upper reach, river mouth, and middle). The sites have different salinity regimes and we tested whether crabs were adapted to their site locally or whether they showed phenotypic plasticity. The upper reach had a low salinity (similar to 16) during low tide, unlike the other two sites (similar to 28-31). The exposure of crabs from each site to seven different salinity levels (0-52.5) showed that P. minutus is a hyper-hypo-osmoregulator at all sites and is able to survive in 8.75-52.5 salinity levels for 24 h. Crabs from the upper reach, however, maintained greater hemolymph osmolarity in diluted media, and most of them were able to survive in even 0 salinity medium for 24 h. Crabs from the other two sites were not able to tolerate this condition and all died. Another experiment, involving a 1-wk acclimation to 5 decreasing salinity media (35 to 0), showed that the survival was about 1.3 times greater for crabs from the upper reach than from the other two sites. Because the crab density of the upper reach was significantly less than that of the other two sites, the upper reach is a marginal habitat established by asymmetrical larval dispersal from central saline habitats. Nevertheless, no crab from the saline sites survived exposure to the salinity of zero medium. These results suggest that the high osmoregulatory ability of crabs from the upper reach of the estuary does not represent a local adaptation; crabs acquire it after dispersal through developmental plasticity.

Inter-male competition for resources is usually studied during species' reproductive seasons because fighting is common and conspicuous, but how this competition compares with that during the non-reproductive season is rarely investigated. Here, we compared competition for burrows between the reproductive and non-reproductive seasons in a mud crab. We conducted two natural and three experimental observations: Under natural conditions, we observed fights between residents and intruders in (1) reproductive and (2) non-reproductive seasons, and found similar results in both seasons; two factors, body size difference and residency, contributed equally to fight outcomes; (3) During the reproductive season we created an intruder by capturing a resident male and placing him in the burrow of another resident to induce a fight; (4) We repeated this but first placed a female in the burrow before introducing the intruder; findings for both experiments were similar to those for natural fights; (5) During the non-reproductive season, we repeated the third experiment and found a different result: fight outcome was determined by the difference in body size, not residency. This is the first study to show that differing subjective value of a resource between the reproductive and non-reproductive seasons affects fight outcomes.

To understand the evolution of weapons, we must understand both their functions and relative importance compared to body size in determining fighting success. Many decapod crustaceans develop disproportionately large chelipeds for their body size and use them as a weapon in agonistic interaction. There are, however, examples where weapons are merely signals of resource holding potential (RHP) and the RHP is actually determined by body size. We investigated the function and relative efficacy of body size and major cheliped size in male-male contests for females in the hermit crab Diogenes nitidimanus. Contests over females took two forms: (1) males preemptively guarded females and opponents did not fight with the guarding male. Cheliped size contributed significantly to the settlement of these contests and probably functioned as a visual signal for the opponents. (2) Guarding males engaged in physical combat with an opponent. In these cases, both body and cheliped sizes affected contest outcomes. The effect size for cheliped size was as strong, or stronger, than that for body size. These results suggest that large chelipeds have evolved as a true weapon and are effective in escalated fights for resources. Therefore they are also efficient visual signals for settling contests with only display. Our results are a rare example that clearly demonstrate that weapons are a more important determinant of fights than body size when both body and weapon size affect resource acquisition.

The abundance and size structure of a population of an endangered brackish-water snail, <i>Iravadia</i> (<i>Fairbankia</i>) <i>sakaguchii</i>, was surveyed annually in August and September in the Waka River Estuary, Wakayama, middle Japan. The number of snails at the three surveyed stations, comprising a total area of ca. 9.5 m², was greatest in 2000 (1738 snails) and decreased in most successive years to 2009 (7 snails), but increased slightly in 2003 and again in 2010 (27 snails). Few or no small-sized snails were present in any year, which suggests that little or no recruitment of planktonic larvae was taking place. When the population density increased, large-sized snails were responsible, reflecting the immigration of snails from other nearby populations. This phenomenon indicates the importance of maintaining a patchy population distribution for the conservation of this species.

We investigated the reproductive ecology of D. nitidimanus in the Waka-River estuary with special reference to temporal change in the relative size of chelae length for males, i.e., secondary sexual character. Ovigerous females were observed from April to October, peaking in June-July with over 90% of females being ovigerous. Adult female carapace size ranged from 3.5 to 8.5 mm, but with the majority of females falling between 5-6 mm. Male carapace length was more evenly distributed between 3.5 and 10 mm. Juvenile settlement occurred mostly in July, during which time the frequency of both large females (over 6.5 mm in carapace length) and large males (over 8.5 mm in carapace length) clearly decreased. The carapace length of precopulatory-guarded females varied from 4.8 to 8.0 mm, while guarding males were almost over 7 mm and always larger than their paired females. The relative growth of the major chelae differed significantly between small and large males during the early months of the year, including the reproductive peak months (April-June). During these early months, large males had relatively larger chelae for their body size than did small crabs. This difference, however, was not evident later in the year (July-September). Large males may grow their chelae relatively long in the early months in order to take advantage of the mating opportunities during April-June. This is the first report in animals, to our knowledge, that relative size of the secondary sexual character for males temporarily change during a single reproductive season.

Virtually all animal conflicts occur over access to mates or resources that affect survival, the two key components of fitness. In this paper, we report that predation risk and mate defense jointly affect the outcomes of contests between male sand crabs (Scopimera globosa) for burrows in which crabs mate and take shelter from predators. We observed the contests under three different conditions: (1) the natural condition of low predation risk and without the presence of a female; (2) the first experiment in which we imposed upon only intruding males the perception of predation risk-by digging them from their burrows, capturing and handling them, and placing them into other males&apos; burrows-to increase the value of the burrows for the intruders as shelter, and (3) the second experiment in which we repeated this treatment but increased the resource value of the burrow to the resident by placing a female in his burrow. The difference in body size between contestants was the main determinant of victory in all analyses. However, perceived predation risk also partly affected the outcomes of the fights: The motivated intruders were likely to win even when they were a little smaller than the residents. In addition, defense of a female had a significant effect on the outcomes of fights: The motivated residents won more fights than the motivated intruders, indicating that these two treatments caused asymmetric increases of the resource value. This is the first report of two external factors simultaneously raising resource value, affecting motivation of contestants, and altering the outcome of fights.

Green tides at Yatsu tidal flat, Tokyo Bay, Japan, were first reported in 1995 and formed by a bloom only of free-floating Ulva species. On the tidal flat, the bloom area in well-developed periods increased after 1995 and covered 27.1 ha in May 2002. Based on vertical aerial photographs, green tide remaining in winter during 1996-2007 covered 4.7 ha when first observed in 1999 and increased to 17.5 ha in January 2002 thereafter. We found that the expansion of green tide was related to such factors as an increase in Kira&apos;s Warmth Index, a decrease in annual cumulative hourly air temperatures below 7 degrees C in December, an increase in salinity, and unintentional introduction of Ulva ohnoi. We also found that green tide at Yatsu tidal flat occurred in the course of the improvement of water quality.

The infection effects of the parasitic digenean trematode on the body weight and reproductive success of the sand-bubbler crab were examined. Gynaecotyla squatarolae (Trematoda: Microphallidae) infects the body cavity of Scopimera globosa (Decapoda: Scopimeridae) and uses the crab as its second intermediate host. The parasites infected all reproductive crabs examined to varying degrees. Larger crabs of both sexes had more parasites than smaller ones, probably because body size reflects age, and older crabs had a longer period of exposure to infection. Males had more parasites than females, probably because of sexual difference in acting time on the surface. Ovigerous females stay in closed burrows and do not act on the surface during incubation, and so have less chance of infection than males. The quantity of infecting parasites did not explain variations in either body weight or reproductive success of individual crabs in a field experiment. The life history of this parasite, relative body size of the crabs, and cost and the possible benefit of manipulation for the parasite may explain these results.

In Japan, the hermit crabs <i>Pagurus minutus</i>, <i>Diogenes nitidimanus</i> and <i>Clibanarius infraspinatus</i> are common in inner bays, sandy tidal flats and shallow subtidal sediment, respectively. We investigated the distribution of these three species in summer at six sampling sites in the Waka-River Estuary, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. The sampling sites were placed along the length of the estuary, with Site 1 situated high up in the brackish water of the estuary, Site 6 at the river mouth, and the other four sites at intermediate locations along the estuary gradient with the number of each site. <i>Pagurus minutus</i> was the dominant species at five out of six sites. <i>Diogenes nitidimanus</i> was mainly found at intermediate St. 3 and 5, relatively close to the river mouth, and had sandy substrates. <i>Clibanarius infraspinatus</i> was mostly found at St. 6. The sex ratio of <i>D. nitidimanus</i> was highly biased to males at St. 3 and to females at St. 5, while the sex ratio of the other two species did not vary across sites except for <i>P. minutus</i> at St. 4. Carapace and chelae length of males were larger than those of females in <i>P. minutus</i> for their right hands and in <i>D. nitidimanus</i> for their left hands, but not in <i>C. infraspinatus</i> for their right hands. In <i>D. nitidimanus</i>, small males were especially abundant at St. 3, while males of various size including large ones, were collected at St. 5. Females of various sizes were found at both sites. However, there were very few females at St. 3, while many females, including ovigerous ones, inhabited St. 5. The existence of the small male population distant from the reproductive population in <i>D. nitidimanus</i> may be an interesting aspect with respect to the life history strategy of the males and deserves further investigation.

Male sand-bubbler crabs Scopimera globosa perform a waving display during their reproductive season, but waving is not used when a male is paired with a female. A male grasps and brings a female into his burrow for mating. We conducted this study to clarify the function of the waving display of S. globosa. The frequency of waving was correlated with male size, and males that paired successfully underground waved significantly more often and were significantly larger than their,neighbors. Females that were released in front of waving males either approached or fled from the waving male or they made no response. All the females that approached waving males completed underground pairing without resisting capture by the male, but most females that fled or did not respond resisted capture. Females that approached waving males had more developed ovaries compared to females that fled. These results suggest that waving in S. globosa functions as pan of courtship behavior and that waving males detect females with ripe gonads according to how the female responds to the displaying male.

Thirteen study site of tidal flats were selected from 5 areas in Japan (east Hokkaido, Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Ariake -kai and Yaeyama Islands) to evaluate an organic matter-decomposing function from the hydrolytic enzyme activities of sediments. At each study site, sediment samples were collected from layers 0 - 10 cm in depth, and cellulase (CEL) and β-acetylglucosaminidase (AGA) activities were measured using CMCNa and PNAG, respectively, as substrates. The enzymic activities were different among the study sites
CEL ranged 2 - 30 nmol g-1 h-1 and AGA ranged 10 - 140 nmol g-1 h-1. There were positive correlationships between the two enzymic activities, with both activities also showing positive correlations with organic matter contents and silt-clay contents. AGA activity was relatively higher at sites where the biomass of crustaceans was higher. These results show that enzymic activities seem to change quantitatively and qualitatively with the organisms supply detritus and with silt-clay content that affects the stability of the enzymes. Due to enzymic activity, the decomposing function was higher in tidal flats where organic-matter and silt-clay content were high.

Male fiddler crabs, Uca paradussumieri, mate underground during a 4- to 7-day period each full and new moon. As soon as the tide recedes, males enter the burrows of females that will ovulate the following day ('pre-ovigerous' females). Males copulate with and guard these females until they ovulate. When interrupted by an intruding male, the first male to reach the female is usually able to defend her and successfully mate with her. In fiddler crabs, females mate multiply and there is last male sperm precedence. Before each semi-lunar mating period, male U. paradussumieri were more likely to court females with whom they would later mate than other nearby females with whom they did not mate. This suggests that males collect information on female reproductive state prior to the females becoming ovigerous. In this species, aggression was common between males that courted the same female. When previously courted females were approached by other males, the initial courter attempted to forcefully disrupt the courtship. This behavior may allow males the exclusive use of information on female reproductive condition. It also suggests a type of scramble competition between males over females. Furthermore, it indicates that males are able to locate receptive females prior to their becoming ovigerous. The shorter guarding period observed in this species, as compared with other fiddler crabs, is caused by females rejecting longer guarding periods. Male ability to assess female reproductive status may therefore be advantageous because it increases male mating success within a scramble type of competitive polygyny.

The restoration of the wetland ecosystems is an essential problem in the world, however, the evaluation technique for the functions of ecosystems, especially in the intertidal wetlands, has not been established still in spite of the ecosystems adjoining with the human life. The Functions of a wetland tend to roughly correspond with characteristics of both the water and sediments of the wetland. In this study, the 13 intertidal sandy and muddy flat wetlands were selected from Hokkaido to Okinawa, and the indicators for water and sediments were investigated as a first step of the functional ecosystem assessment in Japan. The classification for traditional landform subclass, i.e. fore-beach, estuary and lagoon, was unclearly changeable, and it often did not agree with the functional classification. In the intertidal sandy and muddy flat wetlands in Japan, the subclass for HGM Approach should be set corresponding to the characteristics of influent water and sediments, and it was considered that the ecosystem evaluation should be carried out in each Hydrogeomorphic Unit classified at smaller-scale than the original HGM Approach in U.S..

Great-tailed grackles, Quiscalus mexicanus, prey on fiddler crabs, Uca beebei, either by running straight at them or by running past them then angling sharply back to strike. Grackles that used angled runs caught only males and were twice as successful as birds that used straight runs and caught equal numbers of males and females. Why do grackles that use angled runs catch only males? Males were not differentially available, nor did grackles prefer them to females in choice tests. Fewer crabs entered their burrows when we moved a model predator past them than when we moved it directly towards them and crabs allowed the model to get closer when it passed then returned to strike. Although crabs may take more risks when birds use angled runs, the sexes did not differ in their escape responses. Hence, differential risk taking cannot explain male-biased predation by birds using angled runs. We suggest that males, with their large claws and lighter colours, are more conspicuous than cryptic females. When a bird runs past then turns to dash back at a crab it may be able to keep track of a male much better than a female. Indeed, grackles missed all females they struck at using angled runs. Hence, males may be conspicuous and preferred prey to birds using angled runs. Males' enlarged claws, bright colours and other sexually selected traits may increase male predation rate in this context. (C) 2001 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.

The burrow defense behaviors in a sand-bubbler crab, Scopimera globosa, living on a tidal flat, were experimentally examined. Body size and prior residence influenced the results of struggles for the burrows, and large individuals or the burrow owners won in most cases when the intruders were not significantly larger than the owners. Most large owners defended their burrows by directly fighting their opponents. On the other hand, small owners defended their burrows in three different ways. (1) Owners fought directly against same-sized or smaller intruders. For larger intruders, (2) most owners returned to their burrows when the owner was nearer to the burrow than the intruder (returning behavior), and (3) owners sat motionless when the intruder was nearer to the burrow than the owner (sitting behavior). Success ratios of the three types of burrow defense were 38.2%, 88.5%, and 100%, respectively, It was considered that sitting behavior of the cryptically colored S. globosa has evolved because intruders cannot see motionless owners and consequently cannot detect the owner's burrow.

Brood size and other life-history traits of females affect male investment in mating. Female Uca tetragonon, producing relatively small broods, were attracted to the burrows of males for underground mating (UM) while carrying eggs, Most UM females released larvae and ovulated new broods during the pairing, averaging 3.9 days. While a female was incubating one brood, another brood was developing within the ovaries because the females were feeding adequately during incubation. These findings suggest that in U. tetragonon, a small-brood species, females increase the total number of broods produced by breeding continually. In contrast, in large-brood species, feeding by ovigerous females is relatively brief and not enough to prepare the next brood during incubation, inducing temporal separation between incubation and brood production. Unlike females in other ocypodids where females with large broods remain in thr breeding burrows of males, most female U. tetragonon left the male after UM. Wandering in female U. tetragonon after the pairs separate may occur because their small broods are adequately protected by an abdominal flap. Relative brood size probably determines the vulnerability of the incubated broods to the females' surface behavior. Hence, male reproductive success in large-brood species may decrease greatly if males expel their mates after ovulation, although this is not necessarily so in small-brood species. Whether the male drives away the female or not may depend on which behavior within tither small- or large-brood species yields the greater male reproductive success. In U. tetragonon some females extruded eggs in their own burrows after surface mating as well as in males' burrows after UM. It was unclear whether females chose a male with a larger burrow as an UR I mate unlike several large-brood species. Burrows of both UM males and ovigerous females in U. tetragonon were relatively smaller than those in some large-brood species, indicating that incubation of small broods does not require large burrows. Rather than benefits of UM by female choice, wandering resulting from intersexual conflict, and sperm competition may explain why some females mate in males' burrows in this small-brood species. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

We investigated inter-male competition for female mates and intersexual interactions in underground mating (UM) of the fiddler crab Uca paradussumieri. Males search for and then enter the burrows of females that are ready to ovulate ('pre-ovigerous'). In order to ensure their paternity, these males guard the female until she ovulates the following day. Thereafter the male leaves. Intruding male conspecifics attempt to reach the female. Guarding males either fight with them (N = 27), or use the flat-claw defence (N = 96) in which the male stands in the burrow shaft and blocks the entrance with his enlarged claw. The flat-claw was a very successful defence tactic (93% success), even when the intruder was larger than the guarding male. Pre-ovigerous females accepted the first male to enter her burrow, suggesting that female mate choice does not occur. Though males that succeeded to enter the burrow of pre-ovigerous female were larger than males that failed to do so, males that succeeded UM were not larger than males that failed UM. Males that succeeded UM by a take-over were not larger than either the males that were defeated or the males that succeeded in UM after their first entering. Early localization of pre-ovigerous females was important in male mating success, as was a male's ability to defend the female before she ovulated. However, some females that were not pre-ovigerous were guarded forcibly for 2 days by males that had failed to pair with a pre-ovigerous female that day. Prolonged guarding was less successful for males than guarding for one day, probably because the males had to fight with more intruders. Ln addition, prolonged guarding may not be adaptive for females because they lose feeding time and mate with males that lack competitive abilities.

Reproductive success of male (number of eggs fertilized by sperm of the male) and female (number of eggs extruded by the female) sand-bubbler crab, Scopimera globosa, was investigated in a field enclosure. The number of eggs extruded by females was positively correlated with their body size. Small males significantly tended to mate on the surface (surface mating, SM), while large males did so inside male burrows (underground mating, UM). The success ratio (matings per courtship) of UM (32%) was significantly lower than that for SM (69%). However, UM was more likely to be followed by oviposition (61%) than was SM (17%). These findings concur with previous studies suggesting that most females performing UM were ready for ovulation but those performing SM were not. During the study, 79% of eggs were fertilized by UM males, 10% by SM males and 11% were extruded without the female mating (presumably using stored sperm). Both burrowless and burrow-holding females engaged in SM, but only burrowless females engaged in UM. Discrete response of females to male mating attempts depending on females' occupancy of burrows is therefore an important factor in the maintenance of alternative mating tactics in male S. globosa. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

The fiddler crab, Uca beebei, lives in individually defended burrows, in mixed-sex colonies on intertidal mud flats. Avian predation is common, especially of crabs unable to escape into burrows. Mating pairs form in two ways. Females either mate on the surface at their burrow entrance ('surface mating') or leave their own burrow and sequentially enter and leave ('sample') courting males' burrows, before staying in one to mate underground ('burrow mating'). We tested whether perceived predation risk affects the relative frequency of these mating modes. We first observed mating under natural levels of predation during one biweekly, semi-lunar cycle. We then experimentally increased the perceived predation risk by attracting grackles (Quiscalus mexicanus) to each half of the study site in two successive biweekly cycles. In each experimental cycle, crabs were significantly less likely to mate on the side with more birds. Moreover, on the side with elevated predation risk, the number of females leaving burrows to sample was greatly reduced relative to the number of females that surface-mated. Males waved less and built fewer mud pillars, which attract females, when birds were present. We discuss several plausible proximate explanations for these results and the effect of changes in predation regime on sexual selection.

Factors leading to the separation of mating behaviours were investigated in the sand-bubbler crab, Scopimera globosa. The crabs mated on the surface (surface copulation, SC) and underground (UC). UC males mere large (old) whilst SC males were small (young). Burrowless females bred in the UC males' burrows. These females accepted UC in exchange for access to a burrow. UC occurred much more frequently than SC in the burrow area in which females oviposited. Most SC occurred in the water-saturated area affording a rich diet. SC was accepted by most large and small females in both areas and most UC by small females in the burrow area. SC was an alternative to UC for males in that there was a size dependence between types of copulation. These two mating behaviours involved different degrees of interaction with neighbouring males. Males attempting to carry a female to their burrows for UC were more often disturbed by other males than were males attempting SC. In the interaction for both UC and SC, larger males were likely to resist the disturbances. UC males needed their own burrows, bur these burrows were not enlarged before mating. UC males have a higher paternity of eggs than SC males, because SC males' sperm is often displaced by other males. Thus, UC was a behaviour with relatively higher costs and benefits for male crabs than SC behaviour, Alternative mating behaviours in male S. globosa are conditional, and explained by intrasexual interactions and a male life history strategy with a trade-off between growth and reproduction. It is nor likely that the size dependence of male mating behaviour is caused by mate preference of females for UC males in the burrow area.

The fiddler crab, Uca tetragonon (Herbst) mates both on the surface near female-defended burrows and underground in male-defended burrows. In underground mating, which requires relatively high male investment, males attract both non-ovigerous and ovigerous females into their burrows by claw waving. Males aggressively expel some females soon after they enter their burrows and others after pair formation, but before females spawn. Finally males guard some females in their burrows until they spawn, which presumably ensures paternity. Males do not select mates of a particular body size, but they do differentially accept females with late-stage eggs, those about to release larvae and spawn another clutch. Except at the beginning of the reproductive season, few ripe non-ovigerous females are available because females spawn successively and only in moderate synchrony. By differentially accepting late stage ovigerous females, males may increase their fertilization rates because they minimize the time they spend guarding each of their mates to ensure their paternity. A male-biased operational sex ratio and a high last male advantage in sperm competition are two conditions that may have favored male choice based on female guarding time in this species.

Uca tetragonon is an Indo-West Pacific species of fiddler crab in the narrow-front (NF) species group. Male Uca tetragonon used display by claw-waving to attract females into burrows of males for mating. Pairing attempts by male Uca tetragonon attracting conspecific females into their burrows occurred in 2 different ways. In type 1, males entered their burrows after their mates did, and, in type 2, males entered their burrows first and their mates followed. Both types occurred with similar frequencies. Rate of pair formation and spawning rate of paired females were not significantly different between the 2 types. Nine of 20 females spawned in the pooled data from both types.
In Indo-West Pacific fiddlers, type 1 pair formation (female first) has been found in the 5 subgenera (NF and the broad-front species (BF) group) and type 2 (male first) previously only in the BF group, but now also in Uca tetragonon. Type 1 is common to all subgenera of Uca in the Indo-West Pacific, a criterion typical of ancestral characters. Since NF and BF groups are distinctly different in phylogenesis as well as in their ecology, type 2 pair formation is supposed to be a derived behavioral character in NF fiddlers, having evolved independently from the BF group.

Sand-bubbler crabs Scopimera globosa inhabit burrows in the upper tidal sand flat and form droves in the water-saturated area of the lower tidal flat. To elucidate the function of the movements between the microhabitats in this species, I investigated the change in population density, crab body size and reproductive conditions of both sexes within each microhabitat. Ovigerous females were found in the burrow area while spent females (releasing zoea recently) were concentrated in the water-saturated area. Gonad weights of nonovigerous females in the burrow area were higher than those in the water-saturated area. Both male and female crabs in the water-saturated area, where diet quality (organic nitrogen content of the surface substratum) exceeded that in the burrow area, spent more time foraging and suffered less from interactions with neighbours than crabs in the burrow area. In contrast, although both gonad and hepatopancreas weights of males decreased with time in the early to mid reproductive season, there was no difference in male body condition between microhabitats. Few crabs moved between the microhabitats in the mid to late reproductive season, indicating that most crabs active in the water-saturated area during low tides did not return to the burrow area during high tides, differing from the movements of other ocypodid species. S. globosa have alternative mating behaviours, underground copulation (UC) and surface copulation (SC). UC, followed by oviposition, was dominant in the burrow area, though both UC and SC were conducted there. In contrast, SC, not always followed by oviposition, was dominant in the water-saturated area. Females maximized their use of the microhabitats, i.e. the burrow area for mating, oviposition and incubation and the water-saturated area for foraging and partly for mating. The operational sex ratio was biased towards males in the burrow area and towards females in the water-saturated area, due to the fact that the last male to mate fertilizes most of the eggs extruded by a female. A high proportion of large (i.e. older) crabs of both sexes stayed in the burrow area during the reproductive season, whereas small (young) crabs spent most of their time in the water-saturated area for growth. Thus, the crabs made suitable use of their time in different microhabitats under a Life history strategy.

We compared the foraging behavior of five age-sex classes of sika deer (Cervus nippon nippon) in grasslands in Nozaki Island, Japan. Seasonal changes in feeding time and food plants were greater for males than for females. For males, feeding time decreased and time allocated to social activities increased with age in the breeding season. In spring, when antlers of deer began to regrow, adult males spent more time feeding on plants with high ash contents than did younger males and females. In winter, males spent more time feeding on plants with high protein content than did females. The trend was much different from that reported in many previous investigations, perhaps because of abundant food in our study area, which was at a low latitude.

The mating behavior of the sand bubbler crab Scopimera globosa was studied in an intertidal area of Fukuoka, Japan, from 1988-1991. This species mates both on the surface and underground, as do some fiddler crabs. In surface copulations, wandering males mate sequentially with resident females beside burrows of females. In underground copulations, resident males chase and capture wandering females, carry them to their burrows and push them below. Males then enter their burrows and plug them within minutes. Pairs presumably copulate in these burrows. Unlike the fiddler crabs, however, most females that stayed in burrows of males did not have mature ovaries and wandered again within a few days. Consequently, only 30% of the females that stayed in burrows of males spawned in those burrows. After the spawning, males abandoned their burrows, while females remained in them during incubation. Thus, forced copulation characterizes the mating system of this species, though there is room for female choice. Mating success was much lower in underground than in surface copulation. However, males that succeed in forcing females into their burrows may gain a reproductive advantage, because the sperm of the last male to mate with a female prior to egg extrusion is used to fertilize most of the eggs.

Studies of sperm competition are necessary for understanding mating systems in species where two or more males copulate with a single female. We studied fertilization ratios of successive male mates in the sand-bubbler crab Scopimera globosa (de Haan) (family Ocypodidae). Males copulate on the surface or pair underground. The male pairing underground is the last to inseminate the female before she extrudes eggs, as is the case in most ocypodid crabs. In serial mating experiments using irradiated and normal males, the last male to mate fertilized over 90% of the eggs. Females forced to mate in the burrows of irradiated males extruded infertile eggs, indicating that sperm transfer occurred in the burrow.

Territorial behavior of overwintered individuals of Metrocoris histrio was observed in an upstream area. Adults of both sexes held territories, but male territories were larger than those of females. Severe competition occurred among males for territories which give them access to receptive females. The effects of male body length and midleg length on establishment of territories were not significant. The effect of female midleg length on activity of females entering preferred foraging sites was equally not significant. Instead, territorial behavior increased with male age and males stayed longer at prime sites. Females of intermediate age were likely to occupy prime sites. Females had longer territory residence time than males. The sexes were dimorphic with respect to midleg length, and dimorphism in M. histrio may be related to a difference in life history, in that sexual selection may be relaxed due to asynchronous adult emergence patterns.

南西諸島から北海道に至る全国10ヶ所の干潟においてマクロベントスの定量採集を行い, 主要な分類群により干潟をグループに分け, 種の豊富さ, 現存量, 種の多様度と均等度, 絶滅危惧種の数などを比較した.多様度指数は種数と湿重量の割合から算出した.湿重量に基づき干潟を分類すると, 二枚貝優占型, 多毛類優占型, その他に分けられた.その他には, 根足虫, 甲殻類, 巻貝, 二枚貝, 多毛類, 魚類, またはそれらの複数が優占するものが含まれた.また, 砂質干潟では貝類が優占し, 砂泥質・泥質干潟では多毛類が優占することが多かった.単位面積あたりの種数(種の豊富さ)と湿重量(現存量)との間には有意な正の相関があった.Shannon-WienerのH'とE, SimpsonのD, 相対優占度曲線による多様性の評価結果は, 概ね一致していた.ところが, 種の豊富さと現存量の多さは, 多様度指数や均等度による評価と必ずしも一致しなかった.有明海の2ヶ所の調査地点は, 種の豊富さと現存量では評価は高くなく, 更にそのうち1ヶ所では多様度指数による評価も低かったが, どちらにおいても絶滅危惧種が多数採集された.これらの結果より, 干潟の評価には多面的な比較が必要であることが示唆された.

生物多様性、干潟

件名：和歌山県事業「令和５年度生物多様性保全に係る人材育成事業（うちネイチャー・カリキュラム：生物多様性の理解を助ける動画教材作成・活用事業）」

内容：小学生向けに自然観察（干潟・磯）を行う際の準備や観察方法、注意事項などの解説を取材および撮影

場所：和歌浦干潟

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

日高川河口　干潟の生き物観察会

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

珍しい生き物観察 17日和歌浦干潟で（記事のタイトル）

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

日高川の干潟観察教室に親子連れ４４人が参加（記事のタイトル）

講演講師

７月１０日（月）
開智中学校において「干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割」についての講演会講師
７月１４日（金）
和歌浦干潟において「和歌浦河口干潟での生き物の観察と採集」についての実習指導員

非常勤講師

７月１０日（月） １２：５５～１５：０５　
　開智中学校にて 干潟についての講義

７月１４日（金） １０：００～１２：００　
　和歌山観海閣にて 干潟実習

地域の生物多様性、地域の干潟

講演議題
「スナガニ科のカニ類と干潟」
スナガニ科には多くの種類がいるが、種類によって干潟の上で異なった
分布をしている。しかし、干潟が減少し、環境が悪化しつつある今、
カニ類にも絶滅の危機や分布の変化が起こってきている。

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:２年

南紀熊野、自然、観察

2023年度前期学部開放科目「南紀熊野の自然」のオープンキャンパスセミナーにおいて「田辺湾内の海岸の生き物」というタイトルで講演を行った。

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

副編集長,任期:２年

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

県知事賞に（近大付属新宮中）寺地君 学生科学賞 3作品 中央予備審査へ

審査員

第66回日本学生科学賞（読売新聞社主催）和歌山県審査の審査員として、和歌山県内の中学生、高校生が応募した作品を審査。中央審査に進む作品を決めていただきます。審査会場は、上記・読売新聞和歌山支局の３階会議室です。

講演講師

天文学・生態学・歴史学に興味のある小・中学生に対する講義

講演講師

７月１１日（月）
開智中学校において「干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割」についての講演会講師
７月１４日（木）（予備日：７月１５日（金））
和歌浦干潟において「和歌浦河口干潟での生き物の観察と採集」についての実習指導員

高大連携出前講義

講師

審査員

第65回日本学生科学賞（読売新聞社主催）和歌山県審査の審査員として、和歌山県内の中学生、高校生が応募した作品を審査。中央審査に進む作品を決めていただきます。審査会場は、上記・読売新聞和歌山支局の３階会議室です。

Kii−Plus地域活動プロジェクト、総合的な学習、神島

生物観察支援、解説

取材協力

和歌山県事業「令和3年度生物多様性の理解を助ける動画教材作成・活用事業」における和歌の浦干潟のロケにご協力いただく。

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

専門家の指摘受け中断　日高川干潟　県の堤防改修工事（記事のタイトル）

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

生物多様性軽視し工事/日高川河口干潟 県、専門家の意見仰がず（記事のタイトル）

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

工事の前に環境の専門家がチェック 貴重な自然環境保護のため、県がシステム構築へ（記事のタイトル）

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

日高川干潟、埋め立て工事撤回 専門家が再発防止の要望（記事のタイトル）

助言・指導

名勝和歌の浦整備基本計画について専門的見地から指導

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

絶滅危惧種など生物観察　近畿圏最大級の和歌の浦干潟で（記事のタイトル）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載

チゴガニの求愛ダンス、キレが勝負（取材内容へのコメント）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:２年

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

投稿原稿の査読

教育研究成果に係る新聞掲載

またしても重要湿地が…日高川河口の工事、指摘でストップ（記事のタイトル）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

投稿原稿の査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

副編集長,任期:２年

研究成果に係る新聞掲載

学生科学賞和歌山県審査

審査員

毎年、次代を担う研究者の育成を目的に、中学生・高校生を対象にした「日本学生科学賞」を開催しております。
県内の応募作品を審査していただきます。

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

投稿原稿の査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

学生科学賞和歌山県予選結果の講評

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員代表

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

学生科学賞和歌山県審査

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

恋の季節真っ只中のハクセンシオマネキの映像紹介と有田川干潟観察会の案内

講演講師等

講師,任期:2019年7月～2019年7月

講演講師等

講師,任期:2019年6月～2019年6月

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

第22期自然観察ガイド講習会の講師を務めた,日付:6/30

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

投稿原稿の査読

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

理科実習講演講師,日付:6/5, 6/6

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/16

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/17

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

副編集長,任期:２年

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

学生科学賞和歌山県予選結果の講評

講演講師等

講師,任期:2018年11月

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員代表

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

学生科学賞和歌山県審査

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

講演講師等

講師,任期:2018年7月～2018年7月

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

向陽高校SSH授業（２時間）,日付:11/9

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/9

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/11

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

学生科学賞和歌山県予選結果の講評

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員代表

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

学生科学賞県審査

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

番所崎の海の生物を学ぼう！,日付:8/6

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会（案内）

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

日高高校中津分校で講義「干潟の役割と生物について」（２時間）,日付:9/28

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/18

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/21

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2017.1-2019.12

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

副編集長,任期:２年

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

審査員

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文担当編集,任期:2016 ?

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/19

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/15

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

教養理学科２年生のうち生物を選択した生徒を対象とした授業,日付:12/14

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で講義「干潟の役割と生物について」（２時間）,日付:9/6

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読,任期:2016 ?

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟で遊ぼう　レッドデータブックの生き物,フロント１，２面

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

教養理学科２年生のうち生物を選択した生徒を対象とした授業,日付:12/10

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/9

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/14

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で講義「干潟の役割と生物について」（２時間）,日付:9/8

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会（第12回）の案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会の案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟観察会（案内）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

reviewer

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で「干潟の生き物・干潟の役割」についておさらいし、まとめの学習を指導,日付:2015/1/20

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/14

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/24

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

シオマネキの生態について講義,日付:9/16

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員長,任期:2014.1-2016.12

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

秋の観察会「ひがたであそぼ」の開催案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

磯の研究者　古賀庸憲さん（干潟の魅力、干潟の生き物、生き物ガイドの解説、干潟観察会の案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会の案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会（第11回）の案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

絶滅危惧種の最後の楽園「和歌の浦干潟生き物ガイド」制作／春の観察会「ひがたであそぼ」の開催案内

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生物と役割について講義,日付:9/10

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:6/27

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/8

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/22

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で「干潟の生き物・干潟の役割」についておさらいし、まとめの学習を指導,日付:2014/1/22

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「オオタカの幼鳥が飛翔！身近に広がる豊かな自然環境」の中でコメント,藤田美喜さん（修士２年生）と共にコメント

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2011.1-2013.12

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

生物の宝庫に新たな仲間　観察会で絶滅危惧種発見　和歌の浦干潟（観察会:絶滅危惧種発見　生物の宝庫に新たな仲間、ハゼ科チワラスボ−−和歌の浦干潟　／和歌山ーアーカイブ版）,チワラスボは絶滅危惧IB類（環境省レッドリスト）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦干潟観察会の案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

猛禽生息　環境保全と共に,わかやま動物ウォッチング９２

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

親子で楽しむ生き物観察　有田川干潟観察会　7月22日（日）午後1時集合　参加者募集

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦干潟観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

毎年親子参加で賑わう　第19回和歌浦干潟観察会　6/3（日）10時〜　参加者募集

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

カニの暮らしについての講演（午前）と藤前干潟でカニの行動や形態について解説（午後）,日付:8/5

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で「干潟の生き物・干潟の役割」についておさらいし、まとめの学習を指導,日付:2013/1/24

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/13

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/17

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生物と役割について講義,日付:9/13

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展,日付:10/28

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「準絶滅危惧種ハイタカからの警告メッセージ」の中でコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

準絶滅危惧種ハイタカからの警告メッセージ,私たちの直ぐ近くに希少動物が生息。人間と共存できる環境を。

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2011.1-2013.12

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「和歌浦干潟　豊富なカニ30種」の記事の中でコメント,わかやま動物ウォッチング７１by松本朱美

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

親子で干潟を楽しもう・2011年秋の和歌の浦干潟観察会9月25日（日）参加無料

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

大人大学の案内

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟のオモロい生き物と遊ぼう！有田川で観察会（案内）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「和歌浦干潟・もう一度潮干狩りを・アサリ減少に調査と対策」の記事の中でコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

2011春の「和歌の浦干潟」観察会（ひがたであそぼ）,和歌山リビング社

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

海辺の生き物を親子連れら観察・和歌浦干潟

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「ヤドカリ見つけた？和歌の浦で干潟観察会」の記事の中でコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

５月１日（日）和歌の浦干潟観察会（案内）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読,任期:2011.7

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読,任期:2011.5

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

「知ろう！残そう！小さないのちが生きる場所」といった内容で講演,日付:11/26

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割,日付:7/8

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

和歌浦干潟での生き物の観察と採集,日付:7/11

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生物と役割について講義,日付:9/15

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展,日付:10/30

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

和歌の浦フィールドワーク「和歌の浦干潟」,日付:9/27

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

海岸動物の解説,日付:10/8

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「有田振興局、遊歩道工事で重要湿地の葦（あし）をなぎ倒し」の記事の中でコメント

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2011.1-2013.12

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦の干潟で生き物観察会

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（のお知らせ）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会（のお知らせ）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

絶滅寸前種のカニも和歌浦の干潟で観察会,生物学教室主催で開催。代表者・専門家として観察された生き物の行動や生態を説明している様子が掲載された。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

表題「カニさんいたよ」和歌浦で干潟観察会、という記事の中で主催者としてコメント。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

５月３０日（日）の干潟観察会および市民参加型生物調査の様子をリポート

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

あさって（日）　干潟で生き物観察会　和歌山市和歌の浦,教育学部生物学教室（主担当：古賀）が主催する干潟観察会の案内

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

18:10～18:50の番組の中で、「アサリ減少の謎を追う」というタイトルのニュースで干潟生物の専門家としてコメントした。

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読,任期:2011.1

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2005.1-2011.12

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

開智中等部１年生スーパー理進コースのテーマ学習で実習,日付:7/23

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

開智中等部１年生スーパー理進コースのテーマ学習で講義,日付:７月

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で「干潟の生き物・干潟の役割」について講義,日付:9/15

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校生を対象に日高川河口干潟で実習,日付:9/10

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で「干潟の生き物・干潟の役割」についておさらいし、まとめの学習を指導,日付:12/22

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展,日付:10/31

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

有田川干潟観察会,日付:7/25

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

フィールドシンポジウム（和歌川河口干潟）,日付:8/21

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

和歌浦干潟で観察会を予定　一般市民に干潟の生物調査を体験してもらった,日付:5/30

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「アサリ減少の謎を追う」というタイトルの約８分間の木曜特集の中で、干潟生物の専門家としてコメントした。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

トップ記事『豊かな環境お気に入り？　絶滅危惧種のクロツラヘラサギ　和歌浦に１４年ぶり飛来』の中で干潟専門家としてコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

online first で発表されたばかりの論文 Koga and Ikeda (2010) に興味を持ったBBCのScience reporterに情報と写真を提供し、記事になったもの。シオマネキの写真に以下のキャプションがついた。　A "motivated" crab is likely to win a territorial battle. A study of sand crabs and fiddler crabs (pictured), by scientists at Wakayama

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

希少な命に触れる　和歌浦で干潟観察会

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

岡山県の牛窓の干潟にハクセンシオマネキ数万個体の個体群が棲息していることについて専門家としてコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「干潟がはぐくむ小さな命」？というタイトルのニュースリポート約６分間が、１４：０５〜１５：００の『お元気ですか日本列島』の中で放送された（但し、地域によっては高校野球の放送とかぶって放送がなかった）。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「干潟がはぐくむ小さな命」というタイトルのニュースリポート約５分間が、６：００〜８：３０の『おはよう日本』の中で放送された。子どもの成長にとって生き物のいる自然は重要、干潟の大切さを次世代に伝えたい、等の趣旨の話しをした。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「和歌浦干潟を守りたい」というタイトルのニュースリポート約７分間が、１８：１０〜１８：５０のニュースウェーブの中で放送された。子どもの成長にとって生き物のいる自然は重要、干潟の大切さを次世代に伝えたい、等の趣旨の話しをした。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「触って小さい命　和歌浦干潟で観察会、160人参加」の記事の中でコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

『アサリ：消えた　潮干狩り場、開設中止　温暖化影響の可能性も−−和歌山の片男波干潟』の記事の中でコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

『片男波のアサリが消える』というタイトルの記事の中でコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

『野外で自然学ぶ』　野外で身近な自然について学ぶ「青空教室」で講師を務め、「アユの生態」について説明した。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

『アユ：自然の大切さ学ぶ　橋本・紀見小の児童６５人、紀の川で放流』。「紀ノ川青空教室」で講師を務め、アユの行動や生態、海の小動物の話などを通して、山と川、海の結びつきを分かりやすく説明した。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

『紀ノ川青空教室』として、地元ライオンズ俱楽部主催の小学生アユ放流体験のイベントで、講師を務めたことが報道された。4/16

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

『紀ノ川青空教室』として、地元ライオンズ俱楽部主催の小学生アユ放流体験のイベントで、講師を務めたことが報道された。4/16

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2005.1-2010.12

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2005.1-2010.12

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2009.6-2009.7

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2009.7-2009.9

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2009.9-2009.10

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2009.12-2010.2

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2009

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2009

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

論文査読,任期:2010.3

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

橋本市において小学５年生を対象に講師を務めた。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

開智中等部１年生スーパー理進コースのテーマ学習で講義

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

開智中等部１年生スーパー理進コースのテーマ学習で実習

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

附属中学生１７名の生徒に生物の「戦略ゲーム」（タカ・ハトゲーム）を体験してもらった

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で講義「干潟の役割と生物について」（２時間）

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

干潟の生きものと干潟の役割について２時間授業

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

一面トップ記事『豊かな環境お気に入り？　絶滅危惧種のクロツラヘラサギ　和歌浦に１４年ぶり飛来』の中で干潟専門家としてコメント

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦で干潟観察会　7日 妹背山周辺で

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦干潟観察会・・・六日（日）午後一時、和歌浦の観海閣周辺。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦干潟観察会　６日に観海閣周辺で

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

豊かな自然　地域で保全　　梅原地区で住民が勉強会

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「アサリ減少の謎を追う」というタイトルの約８分間の木曜特集の中で、干潟生物の専門家としてコメントした。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

大学広報ラジオ番組「ワダイのわだい！」で、教育学部の「おもしろゼミ・特色ある研究紹介」にゼミ生２名と共に出演

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

希少な生物 身近に　和歌浦で干潟観察会　子どもらが採集に挑戦

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦の干潟生物の観察会　和歌の浦干潟観察会が6月1日（日）、妹背山周辺の干潟で開かれる。和歌山大学教育学部生物学教室主催。ハクセンシオマネキやチゴガニの求愛ダンス、絶滅寸前種のイボウミニナなどの生物を探す。解説は和大の古賀庸憲教授。
　30円。午前10時に観海閣に集合。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

１日に和歌浦で干潟観察会？和歌山大学教育学部生物学教室が主催？

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

近畿最大級和歌浦干潟　１日に生き物観察会

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2005-2011

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2008

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

編集委員,任期:2005-2011

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

開智中学校１年生を対象に「干潟の生き物の暮らしと干潟の役割」というタイトルで講義を行った。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

開智中学校１年生を対象に「和歌浦干潟で生き物の採集と観察」というタイトルで実習を行った。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

紀央館高校で「干潟の生き物・干潟の役割」について講義

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦の干潟生物の観察会　和歌の浦干潟観察会が6月1日（日）、妹背山周辺の干潟で開かれる。和歌山大学教育学部生物学教室主催。ハクセンシオマネキやチゴガニの求愛ダンス、絶滅寸前種のイボウミニナなどの生物を探す。解説は和大の古賀庸憲教授。30円。午前10時に観海閣に集合。（2008.5.31）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

2009年１月２４日（土）放映、日本動物行動学会前会長の長谷川真理子氏の担当部分で、私が以前パナマで撮影した、シオマネキの雄の求愛行動とそれに応えてオスの巣穴に入るメスの行動が、クレジット付き（映像提供　和歌山大学　古賀庸憲）で放映された。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌の浦で干潟観察会　27日 妹背山周辺で（2008.9.20）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟の価値を学ぶ　開智中生が和歌浦で観察（2008.7.17）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟　次世代に　和歌山大教育学部で実習　絶滅危惧含む生物300種生息（2008.6.17）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「これ何？」貴重な自然に興味津々　和歌浦干潟で観察会（2008.6.5）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟の生き物見つけた　和大指導、和歌浦干潟で観察会（2008.6.3）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

ラムサール条約登録の足がかり　和大が和歌浦干潟で観察会開く（2008.6.3）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

希少な生物 身近に　和歌浦で干潟観察会　子どもらが採集に挑戦（2008.6.2）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会干潟の保全を希少生物・絶滅危惧種も多数生息

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

オオタカの幼鳥 和歌山で発見　付近で営巣か進まぬ調査、森林保全開発着手後、規制なく

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川干潟観察会　珍しい生き物いっぱい　有田川の干潟で遊ぼう！！,生活情報紙「Tomorrow」は有田郡市で26,500部、毎週金曜日発行（朝日、毎日、読売、産経４大新聞折り込み）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

アラレタマキビガイ：見事な“曲芸”披露　暑さ逃れ？５段重ね－－和歌浦,撮影された生きもののユニークな写真に対し、専門家としてコメント

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

演題：和歌山の豊かな干潟に棲むカニや貝たちのユニークな生活とその保全

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

２日かけて、室内で干潟の生きもの，干潟の役割等の講義と，和歌浦干潟で観察実習を実施。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

浜の宮小学校から依頼され、小学生と保護者，先生を対象に，和歌浦干潟で観察会を行った。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

海南高校「教養理学科」、2年生13名（プラス引率教員２名）に干潟の講義を行った。

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

希少なカニ２種生息　徳島市の吉野川河口干潟と旧沖洲海岸（2007年4月25日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川マリーナ大幅に規模縮小か　県が「簡易係留施設」建設を検討　放置艇へは立入調査も（2007.8.24）

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2006

学術雑誌等の編集委員・査読・審査員等

査読,任期:2006

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

粉河高校と和歌山大学生涯学習教育研究センターによる高大連携事業。 「エンジョイ・サイエンス」のグループで，干潟や磯での観察指導を実施。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

２日かけて、室内で干潟の生きもの，干潟の役割等の講義と，和歌浦干潟で観察実習を実施。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

２日かけて、室内で干潟の生きもの，干潟の役割等の講義と，和歌浦干潟で観察実習を実施。

小・中・高校生を対象とした学部体験入学・出張講座等

「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」というタイトルで出展

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

演題：湿地と生態系に関する基調講演

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「重要湿地」知らずに工事。和歌山・田辺の池田湾

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌山大学教育学部　有田川干潟観察会　コゲツノブエの生息数日本一（2006年9月13日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「論」　池田湾の護岸工事　環境保全に情報共有を（2006年10月11日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和歌浦干潟観察会のお知らせ（2006年10月7日（土））

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

国の”重要湿地”なのに・・・和歌山県「気づかなかった」（2006年7月12日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

重要湿地で海岸整備。田辺市新庄町の池田湾。県「認識なかった」（2006年7月9日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

「重要湿地」知らずに工事。和歌山・田辺の池田湾（2006年7月8日）

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

和歌山大学大学祭こどもまつりに出展「カニにさわろう、秘蔵（？）の生物標本を見よう」,日付:38661

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

非常勤講師として「野外実習」の一部を担当,日付:2005.9

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

第９回自然観察ガイド講習会の講師を務めた,日付:38565

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

和大・粉河高校連携講座koko塾・発表とフォーラム

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

珍しいカニや貝と遊ぼう！　有田川干潟観察会（2005.9.2）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟で珍しい生き物をウォッチ　有田川干潟観察会（2005.5.20）

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

「和歌山の干潟や磯の生きものと遊ぼう！」というタイトルで出展,日付:2004.11

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

小学生と保護者，先生を対象に，和歌浦干潟で観察会を実施。,日付:38261

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

小学生と保護者を対象に，和歌浦干潟で観察会を実施。,日付:38200

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

県内の幼稚園，保育園の先生方を対象に，干潟の生きもの，干潟の役割等の講義を実施。,日付:38169

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

水曜リポート「干潟の魅力」

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

トリビアの泉「ハサミで手招きをし、メスを巣穴に連れ込んで、交尾するカニがいる」

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

貴重な生態系は守られるか？　干潟のカニ博士と、有田川の希少生物たち　和歌山大学助教授　古賀庸憲さん（2005.1.1）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

やった！わかった！総合学習。和歌山・有田市立箕島小学校。干潟の希少種を調査。マリーナ建設計画きっかけに（2004年8月7日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

干潟で自然環境学ぶ。有田川河口で子どもら観察会（2004年8月2日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川河口で干潟観察会（2004年7月31日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川の干潟で遊ぼう！　〜有田川マリーナと干潟の生き物たち〜　和大・古賀助教授が箕島小で講演（2004.6.18）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

箕島小で授業。児童ら自然の大切さ実感（2004年6月12日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川河口。干潟を大切に残そう。親子ら40人、生き物観察（2004年5月11日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川の干潟観察会（2004年5月8日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川。県、来月から環境調査。（2004年4月28日）

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

予定地は「重要湿地」。県の「有田川マリーナ」計画

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

県「重要湿地」知らず。和歌山・有田川。マリーナ建設見直し

研究成果に係る新聞掲載、テレビ・ラジオ出演

有田川マリーナ予定地は「重要湿地」。和歌山県河川課「計画を再検討」

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

「和歌山の干潟や磯の生きものと遊ぼう！」というタイトルで出展,日付:2003.11

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

徳島県の吉野川河口において干潟観察会の臨時講師を務めた,日付:37803

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

干潟の生きもの，干潟の役割等の講義を実施。,日付:37653

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

非常勤講師として「個体群生態学」を担当,日付:2003.1

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

教室で干潟の生きもの，干潟の役割等の講義と，和歌浦干潟で観察実習を行った。,日付:37438

公開講座・講演会の企画・講師等

面接授業の非常勤講師。干潟についての室内講義と和歌浦干潟での観察指導。,日付:36982

自然保護

生態系および生物多様性の保全に影響を与える政策、計画、事業に関して、学術的立場から検討を加え、必要に応じて助言・提言をおこなう。

和歌の浦　整備基本計画　

新たに策定される名勝和歌の浦整備基本計画案への指導助言

学協会、政府、自治体等の公的委員

環境省「重要生態系監視地域モニタリング推進事業（モニタリングサイト1000）干潟調査」に係る現地干潟調査の実施及び干潟分科会委員へ委員として会議に出席する。
会議はオンラインを予定、現地調査は和歌山県田辺市内にて干潟調査を実施する。

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

希少野生動植物保存推進員,任期:３年間

学協会、政府、自治体等の公的委員

干潟分科会委員・現地干潟調査の実施及び会議への出席

会議は東京都中央区人形町近辺で、
現地調査は和歌山県田辺市内にて干潟調査を実施いただく予定です

学協会、政府、自治体等の公的委員

自然保護専門委員会,任期:2020-2022

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

助言者,任期:2019年11月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

審査員,任期:2019年10月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

干潟分科会委員

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

現地調査の実施及び委員,任期:2019年4月～2020年3月

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

助言者,任期:2018年11月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

審査員,任期:2018年10月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

現地調査,任期:2018年10月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

干潟分科会委員

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

磯・干潟調査,任期:2018年6月～2018年6月

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

希少野生動植物保存推進員,任期:３年間

学協会、政府、自治体等の公的委員

自然保護専門委員会,任期:2018-2020

学協会、政府、自治体等の公的委員

生態系管理委員会,任期:2018.4-2020.3

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

助言者,任期:2017年１１月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

審査員,任期:2017年１０月～

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

学位論文審査官,任期:2017年８月～2017年９月

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

干潟分科会委員

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

干潟分科会委員

国や地方自治体、他大学・研究機関等での委員

干潟分科会委員,任期:2017年５月～2018年３月