Faculty Profiles - Timothy Adam DOERING

Published Papers - Timothy Adam DOERING

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Dressing up the place: Urban lifestyle mobilities and the production of “fashionable” tourism destinations in rural Japan

Daijiro Yamagishi, Adam Doering

Tourism Management 106 2025

The past three decades of neoliberal structural reforms in Japan has established tourism policy favoring privatization, deregulation, and flexible mobility of capital to encourage decentralized markets. Within this system, attracting skilled urban migrants to rural regions has emerged as a central component of planning and development. Drawing on Kawamura's theory of fashion-ology, this study details the process of how rural tourism destinations are produced and (re)fashioned by urban-to-rural lifestyle migrants who bring new practices, aesthetics, and meanings to place. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2021/2022 in the rural coastal town of Aoshima, we outline the co-constitutive dynamic between “star migrants”, industry “gatekeepers”, and “consumers as producers” in the production and consumption of “fashionable” rural destinations. The article contributes to literature on how rural tourism destinations are governed in contemporary neoliberal societies and provides insights into the unequal urban-to-rural power relations that continue to define Japan's regional revitalization programs.

Being Corpus: The Tourist Body as Place, Touch and Departure

AyA Autrui, Adam Doering, Ana Maria Munar

Researching with Proximity: Relational methodologies for the Anthropocene ( Springer Nature Switzerland ) 59 - 74 2023.10 [Refereed] [Invited]

Abstract

Discussions of proximity in tourism emphasise the (re)discovery of places nearby, local destinations, short distances and physical closeness. This chapter aims to (re)discover this proximity through the body. Inspired by Jean-Luc Nancy’s (2008a) Corpus, we offer a philosophical reflection on ‘the body’ in relation to proximity and consider how we might begin to think it anew. Philosophising tourism is introduced as proximatising methodology; an approach to writing and reading that touches, connects body to thought and emphasises friendship as a way of knowing and being. These philosophical reflections are presented as an expressive collage of travelling, friendship and walking the Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage Trail (Japan) in January 2023. (T)here, the touring/toured body is reconsidered through three themes: place, touch and departure. First, Corpus challenges us to rethink the body as the place of existence, opening new understandings of what it means to visit some-body. We then explore how bodies take place through touch, but a touch that exposes and extends bodies: proximity as spacing. The body, as extension, is therefore always about to depart. A departing body carries with it its spacing, including the taking-place of the Arctic as body that exposes and extends the Arctic into the experiences in Japan, and perhaps into the here, now.

COVID-19 the intruder: A philosophical journey with Jean-Luc Nancy into pandemic strangeness and tourism

Ana María Munar, Adam Doering

Tourism Management Perspectives 43 2022.07 [Refereed]

Since the arrival of COVID-19, tourism scholarship has focused its attention on rethinking and restarting the tourism sector. In this urgent search for a ‘new normal’, the embodied experience of hosting such an unwelcomed virus, the philosophical questions this raises, and the tourism futures already in the making, have not been fully explored. The article introduces Nancy's (2000/2002) philosophy, L'intrus [The Intruder], where he reflects on having a heart transplant operation to give body to the experiences of the self as exteriority and of otherness always already within. We take inspiration from Nancy to think and sense the experience of the COVID-19 virus intrusion in tourism. To do this, we weave personal philosophical reflections with ethnographic material to reflect on three themes of intrusion for tourism scholarship to consider: the experience of a body/self as exposed, the experience of a shattered self, and the experience of uncertain futures.

In search of light: Ecohumanities, tourism and Fukushima's post-disaster resurgence

Adam Doering, Kumi Kato （Part： Lead author )

In Higgins-Desbiolles, Doering, & Bigby (Eds). Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice 175 - 194 2022 [Refereed] [Invited]

In its simplest form the Japanese character (hikari) means light. The character is also included in the compound (kanko), meaning tourism or more literally “to see the light”. In this chapter, we approach post-disaster Fukushima in search of new light. Situating human-environment relations at the centre of our analysis, our aim is to illuminate the creativity of people and communities whose care and compassion animates the ongoingness of life as they seek to reconnect with their lands and seas. Inspired by the ecohumanities, we offer an affirmative, creative and exploratory ethos/methodology for scholars and practitioners of socialising tourism to consider, drawing attention to the importance of this life-affirming approach for post-disaster tourism environments. To give texture to this discussion, we share stories of how Fukushima communities are rebuilding a sense of dwelling with the land and sea in two settings: the creative and artistic tourism undertaken in central Nakadori Region around Iitate Village and the post-disaster surf tourism developments at Kitaizumi Beach in Minamisoma City. We argue that in addition to situating people and communities at the centre of tourism decision-making, similar attention needs to be paid to the often invisible, fragile and yet foundational relations between people and their lands and seas if we hope to build more ecologically just tourism futures.

“What you head!": Signs of hospitality in the tourism linguistic landscape of rural Japan

Adam Doering, Kurara Kishi （Part： Lead author )

Tourism Culture & Communication ( Cognizant, LLC ) 27 ( 2 ) 127 - 142 2022 [Refereed]

This article explores signs of hospitality in the tourism linguistic landscape (LL) of the Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage Trail in Wakayama, Japan. We argue that the multilingualization of visible tourism public signage in this rural region raises important philosophical questions of hospitality. With the help of Jacque Derrida to navigate this terrain, we examine how rural regions and communities communicate and negotiate hospitality in a rapidly internationalizing rural tourism destination. Combining photographic data, participant observation, and open-ended interviews, we offer a close reading of the tourism LL at three gathering points along the Nakahechi route: Shingu City station, Kumano Hongu Taisha, and the small village of Chikatsuyu. The article is structured as follows. We begin by defining LL studies and draw attention to the current research in tourism settings. Next, an overview of Derrida’s contribution to the philosophy of hospitality is presented, which acts as a guide for reading the trail’s tourism LL. The discussion then revolves around three main themes: the host as hostage to hospitality; the reproduction of the conditional hospitality through tourism LLs; and the work of hospitality understood as an ethic of negotiating the threshold of the unconditional and conditional, the impossible and the unavoidable. Bringing together a philosophy of hospitality with tourism LL research, the articles adds new theoretical perspectives to the study LLs. It also deepens our understandings of the relationship between hospitality, tourism, and linguistic landscapes.

Maintaining Masculinities in Japan’s Transnational Surfscapes: Space, Place, and Gender

Adam Doering, Clifton Evers

Journal of Sport and Social Issues ( SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC ) 43 ( 5 ) 386 - 406 2019.10 [Refereed]

© The Author(s) 2019. This article examines the local practices, histories, and transnational circulation and exchange of gender ideologies within Japanese surfscapes. A focus on gender in relation to Japanese surf culture is critical as the ways surf spaces in Japan are governed and/or have changed in recent years has as much to do with transnational gender surf ideologies as with its domestic gender norms. More specifically, we examine how gendered ideologies in Japan are mobilized in particular ways depending on the conditions of possibility—the cultural, social, geographical, historical, and networked elements—that comprise any given surfscape. To draw attention to the complexities involved in the relationship between space, place, and gender in Japan, the enquiry is undertaken in a highly localized, territorial, and big-wave surf site in Wakayama Prefecture and surrounding Kansai region. This site has been chosen because of how it localizes a unique mode of trans-Pacific surf culture, thereby offering insight into the nuances, issues, and strategies of social change as surfing continues to evolve in the region. The aim of the analysis is twofold. The first is contextual, highlighting the importance of the culturally and site-specific character of how surf culture and gender relations are assembled in the Japanese context. The second is to offer insight into the specific histories and transnational relationships informing the gendered practices of surfing in Japan today. The intention is to highlight the diversity of surf cultures throughout East Asia and the different ways surfing lifestyles are localized in relation to socio-political-ecological place-making and gender.

Mobilising Stoke: A Genealogy of Surf Tourism Development in Miyazaki, Japan

Doering, A. （Part： Lead author )

Tourism Planning and Development 15 ( 1 ) 68 - 81 2018 [Refereed]

Critical tourism studies and the world: Sense, Praxis, and the politics of creation

Adam Doering, Jundan Zhang

Tourism Analysis ( COGNIZANT COMMUNICATION CORP ) 23 ( 2 ) 227 - 237 2018 [Refereed]

© 2018 Cognizant, LLC. Over the past decade Critical Tourism Studies (CTS) has endeavored to create a better "tourism world" while also drawing attention to tourism's "worldmaking" force. However, the question of "the world" itself has escaped the critical lens of CTS. Reading Jean-Luc Nancy's philosophy of the world alongside Jia Zhangke's 2004 film The World, this article aims to develop an open and emergent sense of the world for CTS to consider. We do this in four parts. First, we introduce Nancy's "sense of the world" as always already in creation through our immanent relations with one another. Secondly, the relationship between world, creation, and praxis is addressed. Through a close reading of the emancipatory praxis and critical pedagogy common to CTS, we question the underlying assumption that the world comes into creation only when it is named, represented, and negotiated. Thirdly, we speculate on how an alternative "praxis" might unfold once this reconsidered sense of the world is taken into account. With the help of an exemplary long take scene in The World we detail three key features that give texture to Nancy's idea of the world as praxis: relationality, exposure, and spacing. We conclude by returning to the end of the film, or its "opening," in an effort to open up unfamiliar routes to reinvigorate the critical and creative agenda that underpins CTS.

Surf Tourism

Adam Doering

Encyclopedia of Tourism ( Springer Nature Switzerland ) Jafari, J., & Xiao, H. (eds) 1012 - 1012 2024 [Refereed]

Lifestyle Sports and Public Education in Japan: New Collectivism, Contest(ed) Benefits, and Community Revitalization in Aoshima’s Surfing <i>Bukatsu</i>

Eriko Todaka, Adam Doering

Education Sciences 13 ( 11 ) 1111 2023.11 [Refereed]

Socialising tourism after COVID-19: reclaiming tourism as a social force?

Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, Bobbie Chew Bigby, Adam Doering

Journal of Tourism Futures ( Emerald ) 8 ( 2 ) 208 - 219 2022.08 [Refereed]

Purpose: This article considers the possibilities of and barriers to socialising tourism after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Such an approach allows us to transform tourism and thereby evolve it to be of wider benefit and less damaging to societies and ecologies than has been the case under the corporatised model of tourism. Design/methodology/approach: This conceptual analysis draws on the theorisation of “tourism as a social force” and the new concept of “socialising tourism”. Using critical tourism approaches, it seeks to identify the dynamics that are evident in order to assess the possibilities for socialising tourism for social and ecological justice. It employs an Indigenous perspective that the past, present and future are interconnected in its consideration of tourism futures. Findings: COVID-19 has fundamentally disrupted tourism, travel and affiliated industries. In dealing with the crisis, borders have been shut, lockdowns imposed and international tourism curtailed. The pandemic foregrounded the renewal of social bonds and social capacities as governments acted to prevent economic and social devastation. This disruption of normality has inspired some to envision radical transformations in tourism to address the injustices and unsustainability of tourism. Others remain sceptical of the likelihood of transformation. Indeed, phenomena such as vaccine privilege and vaccine tourism are indicators that transformations must be enabled. The authors look to New Zealand examples as hopeful indications of the ways in which tourism might be transformed for social and ecological justice. Practical implications: This conceptualisation could guide the industry to better stakeholder relations and sustainability. Social implications: Socialising tourism offers a fruitful pathway to rethinking tourism through a reorientation of the social relations it fosters and thereby transforming its social impacts for the better. Originality/value: This work engages with the novel concept of “socialising tourism”. In connecting this new theory to the older theory of “tourism as a social force”, this paper considers how COVID-19 has offered a possible transformative moment to enable more just and sustainable tourism futures.

Tourism and the transformation of religious hospitality: An ethnography of osettai along the Choishi-michi pilgrimage route, Japan

Kaori Yanata, Adam Doering

Hospitality & Society ( Intellect ) 12 ( 3 ) 319 - 342 2022.06 [Refereed]

The increasing popularity of walking pilgrimage has created new forms of interaction and exchange between pilgrims and residents along pilgrimage routes. As a result, religious hospitality along these pilgrimage routes is also under transformation. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted along the Koyasan Choishi-michi pilgrimage route in Wakayama, Japan, this article examines how the meanings and experiences of osettai (‘religious hospitality’) change over time and space. Focusing specifically on the role tourism plays in the current transformation of religious hospitality, the article begins with a historical analysis of osettai and its meanings in pre-modern Japan. Next, we examine how osettai was interrupted due to the decline in walking pilgrims, but also sustained through the maintenance of indirectly related religious practices. The discussion then outlines the transforming meanings of osettai from a practice of giving offerings in return for spiritual reward, to a commodified economic service and finally to a form of cultural exchange. We conclude that placing religious faith as a central theme of analyses, not tourism, can offer new insights and deepen our understandings of how religious hospitality is both transformed and maintained through tourism.

日本におけるライフスタイルスポーツと公教育 : 青島中学校サーフィン部における新しい集団主義、争われたアイデンティティ、コミュニティの繋がりの探求

Eriko Todaka, Adam Doering （Part： Corresponding author )

Tourism Studies ( [出版社不明] ) 26 77 - 83 2022.03

Disempowering Minority Communities: Tourism Development in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt

Mina Kamal Asham, Kumi Kato, Adam Doering

Tourism Planning and Development ( ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD ) 2022.03 [Refereed]

Tourism planning and development is a complex, multifaceted, and highly politicised phenomenon, particularly in the context of economic development for rural minority communities. This paper discusses such a case in the context of a remote rural community, Siwa Oasis in the western desert of Egypt, which was one of the destinations identified in the development policy termed Infitah, or "openness" in the early 1970s. As part of a long-term project, this article examines how community members perceive tourism development and its effects on their livelihoods, specifically from gender perspective. Findings show that the government development policy in effect resulted resulted in Siwan seeking to protect their identity, including values associated with traditional gender relations, where women are considered to be the safeguards of domestic duties, child-raising, and minority languages, providing empirical evidence on how development can be "closing" rather than "opening" opportunities, disempowering rather than empowering.

Special Issue: The interface of culture and communication in tourism

Jundan Jasmine Zhang, Adam Doering

Tourism Culture & Communication ( Cognizant, LLC ) 27 ( 2 ) 105 - 113 2022 [Refereed]

The introduction to this special issue explores why in an ‘age of communication’ it has become increasingly important to revisit a somewhat lost sense of communication that we describe as the interface of culture and communication. Inspired by Karen Barad’s work and the diverse range of contributions to this special issue, we reflect on the fragmented, multiplied and diffracted sense of communication that has emerged in recent years. We examine this emergent form of communication through three interlinking yet distinct areas of study: “affective communication”, “tourism media interface”, and “interface of the human and nonhuman”. Providing grounded empirical research alongside unique theoretical insights, the eight articles bring together a diverse and complex range of contexts that would otherwise not enter into conversation with one another. And yet in their own ways each contribution challenges how communication has been approached and perceived in specific tourism settings and opens up spaces for understanding communication as diffraction and differentiation rather than a coming-together. By revisiting communication in this way, previous relationships embedded in tourism can be seen in new and interesting ways. The introduction to this special issue offers an initial exploratory conceptual framing of what we call the interface of culture and communication in effort to forefront new ways of thinking and engaging with culture and communication in tourism studies and beyond.

Conclusion: Socialising tourism as an avenue for critical thought and justice: Ways forward

Adam Doering, Bobbie Chew Bigby, Freya Higgins-Desbiolles

Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice 244 - 254 2021.01

This concluding chapter summarises the varied contributions, key themes and future directions of Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice. This edited collection has sought to advance the socialising tourism concept by furthering ideas on how tourism may be made accountable to social and ecological limits. Bringing into conversation a diverse range of authors, academics, artists and activists already engaged in critical and often provocative analyses, the introduction and 13 chapters presented in this book offered an exploration into the possibilities of and impediments to the socialising tourism concept. Here, we reflect on what we have learned so far about socialising tourism with respect to the three themes that structured the book: tourism social relations, tourism ideologies and how to build better collective tourism futures. This discussion highlights key emergent themes and points of tension, paying particular attention: to the emphasis placed on the values of reciprocity, care and connection; the ongoing necessity of critique and collaboration; and the multiple scales and logics required to build alternative tourism futures. This is followed by a final discussion concerning future research and action agendas that aims to collectively build our capacity to socialise tourism for achieving social and ecological justice.

Preface

Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, Adam Doering, Bobbie Chew Bigby

Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice xxix - xxx 2021.01

Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice

Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, Adam Doering, Bobbie Chew Bigby

Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice 1 - 264 2021.01

Once touted as the world’s largest industry and also a tool for fostering peace and global understanding, tourism has certainly been a major force shaping our world. The recent COVID-19 crisis has led to calls to transform tourism and reset it along more ethical and sustainable lines. It was in this context that calls to “socialise tourism” emerged (Higgins-Desbiolles, 2020). This edited volume builds on this work by employing the term Socialising Tourism as a broad conceptual focal point and guiding term for industry, activists and academics to rethink tourism for social and ecological justice. Socialising Tourism means reorienting travel and tourism based on the rights, interests, and safeguarding of traditional ecological and cultural knowledges of local peoples, communities and living landscapes. This means making tourism work for the public good and taking seriously the idea of putting the social and ecological before profit and growth as the world re-emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic. This is an essential first step for tourism to be made accountable to the limits of the planet. Concepts discussed include Indigenous culture, toxic tourism, a “theory of care”, dismantling whiteness, decolonial tourism and animal oppression, among others, all in the context of a post-COVID-19 world. This will be essential reading for all upper-level students, academics and policymakers in the field of tourism. The Introduction of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at.

Introduction Socialising tourism: Reimagining tourism’s purpose

Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, Adam Doering, Bobbie Chew Bigby

Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice 1 - 21 2021.01

An agenda for socialising tourism seeks to address the disbenefits associated with neoliberal corporatised forms of tourism by reorienting tourism in important ways. Socialising tourism can be viewed as a revival and extension of earlier thinking by Higgins-Desbiolles on “tourism as a social force”. In later work, Higgins-Desbiolles proposed socialising tourism meant “[…]to make tourism responsive and answerable to the society in which it occurs”, suggesting that it is both the tourist and the tourism industry that must be socialised into respecting the local community and serving their needs and interests. This chapter considers what might socialising tourism mean; why does tourism need to be socialised; how might tourism be socialised; and finally, what might we ask of tourism. In particular, socialising tourism necessitates a change in our values, based on an understanding of our interdependency, an interest in the “Other”, appreciation of human-environmental relations and commitment to practices of respect, relationships, reciprocity and responsibility. Such work sets a promising agenda to rethink and reset tourism for social and ecological justice.

Local participation as tourists: Understanding the constraints to community involvement in Tanzanian tourism

Kokel Melubo, Adam Doering

Socialising Tourism: Rethinking Tourism for Social and Ecological Justice 72 - 90 2021.01

Despite the significance attached to local participation for African tourism development in terms of encouraging social, environmental and economic sustainability, development efforts remain largely centred on international tourism. Tourism in protected areas throughout Africa exemplify this contradiction. Statistics show that across Africa, the number of local citizens visiting national parks and reserves is notably fewer than international arrivals and community involvement in decision-making processes is limited. Drawing insights from tourism development in the protected areas of Tanzania’s Northern Circuit, we examine local community constraints to actively participating in the tourism industry as tourists. Local understandings of protected areas and tourism, high prices of services and a culture of prioritising socialising with friends and relatives over small group travel to pristine natural environments are identified as some of the key constraints to local participation as tourists. We argue that rethinking the structure and ideologies of Tanzanian tourism in protected areas to place greater emphasis on local community’s recreational needs, social practices and world views, is a seemingly obvious yet frequently overlooked means to increase community involvement and autonomy over what is considered by as a hegemonic Western tourism industry. Socialising tourism is a call for inclusive tourism, and in this chapter we discuss how greater local resident involvement in tourism as tourists - and not only as hosts or stakeholders of industry - can help reimagine and reconstruct Tanzanian tourism in a more culturally embedded and inclusive way.

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