Faculty Profiles - SANO Kaede

Published Papers - SANO Kaede

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Destination Management with Highly Competitive Advantages through Tourism Digital Transformation: From the Lens of Value Co-creation

佐野楓（Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

観光学評論 12 ( 1 ) 47 - 66 2024.04 [Refereed] [Invited]

Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, many aspects of society, such as remote work and online meetings, have been rapidly digitized. In response to this abrupt change, the Japan Tourism Agency shifted its focus to the digital transformation of tourism (subsequently referred to as tourism DX). Against this backdrop, the purpose of this study is to investigate, through the lens of value co-creation, what changes the digital technology evolution is bringing to the tourism industry, as well as how to achieve highly competitive tourism destination management through the penetration of tourism DX. In conclusion, digital technology is causing significant changes in the tourism industry. To achieve highly competitive tourism destination management through tourism DX, emphasis should be placed on low-cost tourism DX promotion, the use of multiple data sources, the co-creation of value among all stakeholders in tourism destinations, and the protection of tourists' privacy. The following are some key issues that must be addressed. This study not only adds to the academic field of tourism management by consolidating existing research but also provides practical insight into the management of tourism destinations through tourism DX, a domain that has been gaining importance in recent years.

The effects of temporal distance and post type on tourists' responses to destination marketing organizations’ social media marketing

Kaede Sano, Hiroki Sano, Yuji Yashima, Hajime Takebayashi （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Tourism Management ( Elsevier BV ) 101 104844 - 104844 2024.04 [Refereed]

Mobility Patterns of International Tourisms: Implications for Responsible Urban Tourism

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Journal of Responsible Tourism Management 1 ( 1 ) 88 - 111 2021.01 [Refereed]

The effect of different crisis communication channels

Kaede Sano, Hiroki Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Annals of Tourism Research 79 1 - 21 2019.11 [Refereed]

Unlocking the Tourism Potential of Uzbekistan in Japan: Market analysis and strategic recommendations

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

ウズベキスタン受託研究・報告書 1 - 44 2025.05

The role of destination marketing and management organizations in promoting sake tourism: a case study of Japan

Masanao Tachibana, Kaede Sano

Journal of Place Management and Development ( Emerald ) 2025.04 [Refereed]

Purpose

Sake tourism is becoming increasingly popular among international tourists to Japan, and on December 4, 2024, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization registered the “traditional knowledge and skills of sake making with ‘koji’ mold in Japan” as an intangible cultural heritage. However, despite this attention to sake tourism, collaboration among stakeholders remains inefficient, highlighting the need for destination marketing and management organizations (DMOs) to promote content tourism. This study aims to explore the role of DMOs in developing a destination ecosystem (DE) in which various stakeholders collaborate efficiently.

Design/methodology/approach

For the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 key persons in Myoko, Niigata Prefecture, a famous sake tourism destination.

Findings

The findings show that stakeholders strongly require the leadership of DMOs in creating destination ecosystems and DMOs’ multiple additional roles in developing sake tourism.

Research limitations/implications

Focusing on sake tourism, this study theoretically contributes to research on destination marketing and management by exploring the role of DMOs in culinary tourism and identifying the DMOs’ specific roles in DEs.

Practical implications

Regarding practical implications, this study highlights the importance of DMOs adopting both marketing and management roles in promoting culinary tourism.

Originality/value

Results indicate that major stakeholders expect the DMO to take roles as a marketer in addition to a coordinator between stakeholders in developing sake tourism.

Book Review

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author )

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2025.03

Service innovation as a form of Omotenashi at tourism destinations – A case study of Shirahama, Wakayama Prefecture

Kaede Sano, Yuji Yashima （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Wakayama Tourism Review 6 7 - 10 2025.03 [Refereed]

Methodological Advances and Theoretical Gaps in Tracking Non‐Urban Tourism Mobility

João Romão, Kaede Sano

International Journal of Tourism Research ( WILEY ) 1 - 18 2025.02 [Refereed]

This perspective article aims at identifying topics for further research based on techniques for tracking the mobility of tourists in areas with low population density, characterized by scarcity of public transport often coexisting with sensitive natural ecosystems. Supported by a systematic scoping review, it identifies studies undertaken in four continents, even though all the articles were published during the last two decades. Marketing approaches and planning for sustainability are the main objectives identified. The works contribute for developing techniques and methodologies for data collection and analysis but the contribution for the emergence of new concepts or theories is limited. The results of this survey suggest that a shift from the focus on individual forms of mobility of tourists to a closer connection to collective forms of transport, mobility of resident populations or emergent concepts in transport studies may contribute for more innovative conceptual or theoretical approaches.

How Do International and Domestic Tourists Perceive the Service Quality of Japanese Ryokans? A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Fukumi Maki, Kaede Sano, Hao Sun （Part： Corresponding author )

Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism ( Taylor & Francis ) 1 - 24 2025.01 [Refereed]

Though tourists’ cultural background is known to substantially influence their assessment of hotel service quality, how tourist and hotel cultures mutually affect each other remains understudied. Focusing on a representative Japanese ryokan as a heritage hotel, this article employs Hofstede’s cultural dimension model to investigate the mechanisms relating tourists’ cultural backgrounds and service quality assessment. From a theoretical perspective, it demonstrates that tourists’ uncertainty avoidance influences perceived quality in tangible aspects of service, while power distance matters for intangible aspects. From a managerial perspective, it shows that tourists’ cultural distance from the ryokan affects their service quality assessment.

Unveiling the distinctive characteristics of women entrepreneur networks in the tourism industry of developing countries: Insights from the literature

Nozomi Saito, Lisa Ruhanen, Kaede Sano, Seiko Shirasaka

Wakayama Tourism Review 5 6 - 9 2024.03

和歌山地域発展に貢献する価値共創に関する研究～白浜町関係人口作りの視点から～

佐野楓, 森孝司, 田中大士（Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

地域研究 28 3 - 13 2024.03 [Invited]

Sustainable Urban Tourism with Green-Slow Mobility: A Case of Ikebukuro, Japan

Sano, H, Sano, K, Kato, K

Journal of Responsible Tourism Management 4 ( 1 ) 94 - 106 2024.01 [Refereed]

Tourists' willingness to contribute to smart tourism: a construal level theory perspective

Hao Sun, Kaede Sano

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights ( Emerald ) ahead-of-print 2023.12 [Refereed]

Purpose

Smart tourism has become an inevitable trend in future tourism development. However, despite significant investment in its technological foundation, little is known about whether and when tourists are willing to be involved in smart tourism. This study explores tourists' willingness to contribute to smart tourism development by empirically examining their intention to share personal information and use smart technology.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on construal level theory (CLT), a 2 (far/near spatial distance) × 2 (gain/loss persuasive information frame) × 2 (altruistic/egoistic value orientation) laboratory experiment with different contextual features was designed to examine tourists' willingness to contribute to smart tourism.

Findings

Tourists are most willing to share personal information and use smart technologies when spatial distance aligns with information framing, spatial distance aligns with value orientation and information framing aligns with value orientation.

Practical implications

This study provides essential insights for destination management organizations (DMOs) about tourists' perceptions of smart tourism, enabling DMOs to develop more precise marketing strategies to encourage tourists to contribute to smart tourism development and enrich tourists' travel experiences.

Originality/value

This study enriches theoretical knowledge of DMOs' boundaries in encouraging tourists to contribute to smart tourism and provides critical insights into future smart tourism development for researchers and practitioners.

The metaverse in the tourism industry: A new horizon after the COVID-19 pandemic

Kaede Sano, Hiroki Sano, Shuichi Nagata （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Wakayama Tourism Review 4 32 - 35 2023.03

Spatial Distribution of Accommodation Supply in Osaka City - A Policy Perspective

Sano, K, Nagata, S, Sano, H （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Journal of Responsible Tourism Management ( Sarawak Research Society ) 2 ( 2 ) 90 - 102 2022.07 [Refereed]

Data-driven market segmentation by tourists' mobility patterns: A methodological approach.

Sano, K, Sano, H, Nagata, S （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Wakayama Tourism Review 2 49-51 2022.03

Exploring the constraints of women entrepreneurs in developing countries: Evidence from the literature

Sano, K, Saito, N （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Wakayama Tourism Review 3 14 - 16 2022.03

Developing a Smart Tourism Destination through Social Big Data: Multiple Case Studies from Wakayama Prefecture

大池洋史, 佐野楓（Part： Corresponding author )

Tourism Studies 26 1 - 15 2022.03 [Refereed]

Current Trends, Issues, and Future Directions of Smart Tourism Development through Big Data.

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Journal of Information and Management 41 ( 4 ) 98 - 109 2022.02 [Refereed]

Tourism Destination Image : Lessons learned and ways forward

李思羽, 佐野楓（Part： Corresponding author )

Tourism Studies 25 25 - 35 2021.09 [Refereed]

Value co-creation and open innovation in urban smart tourism ecosystem development: A lens from service-dominant logic

Sano, K, Sano, H （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Wakayama Tourism Review 1 9 - 11 2021.03 [Invited]

Development of a System for Providing Disaster Prevention Information to International Tourists

志垣沙灯子, 吉野孝, 永井隼人, 佐野楓, RITCHIE Brent W., RITCHIE Brent W.

情報処理学会論文誌ジャーナル(Web) 62 ( 1 ) 204 - 213 2021.01 [Refereed]

Exploring the role of a local official cartoon character in DMO's social media marekting: The case of Wakapan in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

Sano, K, Yashima, Y, Wong, I. A, Takebayashi, H （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The proceedings of the council for Australasian Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE) 30th Annual conference a 2020.02 [Refereed]

Managing tourists' perceptions of control in the business ecosystem of smart tourism

Sano, H, Sano, K, Nagata, S

The proceedings of the council for Australasian Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE) 30th Annual conference a 458 - 460 2020.02 [Refereed]

International tourists' knowledge of natural hazards

Hayato Nagai, Brent W. Ritchie, Kaede Sano, Takashi Yoshino

Annals of Tourism Research ( Elsevier BV ) 80 102690 - 102690 2020.01 [Refereed]

A Generalized Approach to Tourist Ethnocentrism (GATE): Analysis of the GenE Scale for Application in Tourism Research

Kaede Sano （Part： Last author )

Journal of Travel Research 60 ( 1 ) 65 - 85 2020.01 [Refereed]

International tourists in Japan: Their increasing numbers and vulnerability to natural hazards.

Hayato Nagai, Kaede Sano, Brent W Ritchie, Takashi, Yoshino

Tourism Development in Japan: Themes, Issues and Challenges. 2020

Reputation and image recovery from the Great East Japan Earthquake: A long journey with high hopes

Kaede Sano

Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry ( Goodfellow Publishers Limited ) 2019.05

Exploring international tourists’ spatial behavior in Osaka

Kaede Sano, Hiroki Sano, Tatsuo Oi （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Proceedings of 2019 APacCHRIE & EuroCHRIE Joint Conference 2815 - 2817 2019.05 [Refereed]

DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM THAT AUTOMATICALLY PROVIDES DISASTER PREVENTION INFORMATION TO TOURISTS AT THE TIME OF WEB BROWSING

Ritchie Brent

和歌山大学災害科学教育研究センター研究報告 = Research reports of the Center for Education and Research of Disaster Science, Wakayama University ( 和歌山大学災害科学教育研究センター ) 3 24 - 31 2019.02

日本は毎年，数多くの人が観光をしているが，地震や台風などの自然災害が起きやすい国でもある．観光地などの普段訪れることのない場所での被災は，どこに避難すればよいか分からない，どのような災害が起こりやすいか分からない，といった要因から混乱を拡大するおそれがある．そのため，観光客を対象とした防災支援システムが必要である．しかし，観光に行く前に観光地付近の防災情報まで調べる人は少ない．防災への関心が低い観光客が，防災支援システムを能動的に利用することは少ないと考えられる．そこで我々は「防災情報にさらされる」というコンセプトを提案し，その実現例として本システムDi-sarasuを開発した．本システムは，観光客がWebサイトで観光情報を閲覧した際に，その観光情報に対応する防災情報を付加する．本システムの目的は，防災に対する関心が低い観光客に防災情報を届けることである．そのため，本システムは(1)受動的に防災情報を提供するWebユーザのWebページ閲覧を妨げない，といった設計方針で開発している．本稿では，本システムの概要と，実験の結果について述べる．

PROPOSAL OF INCLUDING QUIZZES WITH NO CORRECT ANSWERS IN A DISASTER-KNOWLEDGE PROVIDING SYSTEM

Ritchie Brent

和歌山大学災害科学教育研究センター研究報告 = Research reports of the Center for Education and Research of Disaster Science, Wakayama University ( 和歌山大学災害科学教育研究センター ) 3 10 - 15 2019.02

日本は地震や台風など自然災害が発生しやすい国土であるため，平常時から防災を心がける必要がある．しかし，既存の防災システムは日本人を対象にしたものが多く，外国人観光客を対象としているものは数少ない．日本を訪れる外国人観光客は近年増加傾向にあるため，外国人観光客を対象とした防災対策が必要である．また，防災マニュアルや防災パンフレットなど，防災に関する知識を提供するツールは，一般的に正しいと考えられている防災知識を提供しているが，「状況に応じた最適な行動を考えさせる」といった仕組みはない．これらのことから，本システムでは「正解のないクイズ􀀋？？クイズ􀀌」の出題により，外国人観光客に防災について考えてもらう仕組みを提案する．

Comparing Chinese and American tourists’ spatial-temporal behavior by GPS tracking in Osaka

Kaede Sano, Hiroki Sano, Tatsuo Oi （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of the Council for Australasian Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE) 29th Annual Conference 517 - 521 2019.02 [Refereed]

The latest trends and future prospects of tourism management in tourism studies : A cluster analysis of frequent words' similarity

佐野楓（Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

観光学 ( 和歌山大学観光学会 ) ( 18 ) 133 - 146 2018.03 [Refereed]

Tourism management is a critical and highlighted subject in tourism studies. In 2017, tourism management has moved into a new era with the development of technology and changed tourist behavior. This study critically analyzed 202 articles in latest tourism management, which is one of the top journals in tourism studies. The main topics found on tourism management are marketing management, tourist behavior, destination management, participation of local residents, economic effects of tourism, and tourism employees' innovation and development. Compared with previous studies, recent tourism management studies focus on the practice of new technology, the economic effects of tourism, and tourists' co-creation process. This study provides a general framework on the latest trends in tourism management and contributes to the future prospects of tourism studies.

Exploring how travel blogs influence solo Chinese tourists to visit Japan: An ethnographic study

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of the 28th Council for Australasian Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE) 674 - 678 2018.02 [Refereed]

The challenges of protecting international tourists in Japan: The development of a hazard information system

Hayato Nagai, Brent Ritchie, Kaede Sano, Takashi Yoshino

The proceedings of The Council for Australasian Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE) 28th Annual Conference 1 - 5 2018.01 [Refereed]

Finding the Gap between Service Companies and Cus-tomers in Terms of Social CRM: An Exploratory Study of Japan’s Tourism Industry

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of 5th International Conference, ICServ 2017 1 - 8 2017.07 [Refereed]

Adopting recommendations from guidebooks and WOM websites: A study of Japanese international tourists

Kaede Sano, Hayato Nagai （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of Asia Pacific Tourism Association (APTA) Annual Conference. 517 - 520 2017.07 [Refereed]

Social Media Commercialization in Tourism 2.0 : A Literature Review

佐野楓（Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

観光学 ( 和歌山大学観光学会 ) ( 16 ) 49 - 60 2017.03 [Refereed]

As a result of Web 2.0 technologies' development, the commercialization of social media in tourism is believed as one of the "mega trends" which brought the era of tourism 2.0. This study reviews and analyzes the extant social media related research articles which were published in A+ and A journals in tourism field. Based on a content analysis, this study found that four main topics in this field which are tourist behavior, user-generated content (UGC), social media marketing, risk management and DMO, and other related but not highlighted topics. Research findings thoroughly demonstrate the essential use of social media in tourism marketing strategy, and this study also shows a research agenda for further studies.

Understanding tourists’ information search behavior as a risk reduction strategy: The case of international tourists in Japan

Kaede Sano, Hayato Nagai, Brent W. Ritchie （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of International Marketing Trends Conference 1 - 16 2017.01 [Refereed]

Does social media really enhance relationships with customers? Understanding the effects of SCRM in Japan’s tourism industry

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of 2016 International Conference of Asian Marketing Associations 1 - 20 2016.10 [Refereed]

Investigating the role of attitudes towards social media marketing activities and the perceived value of using social media in organizing vacations

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of Global Marketing Conference 1 - 16 2016.07 [Refereed]

Why do they use social media to organize vacation trip? Explore the effect of attitude, benefit and incentive on tourists’ intention of using social media

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of Asia Pacific Tourism Association Annual Conference 239 - 242 2016.06 [Refereed]

The Effect of Social Media on Customer Satisfaction and Relationship Strength in a Service with High Perceived Risk in Japan

Kaede Sano, Hiroki Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

CELEBRATING AMERICA'S PASTIMES: BASEBALL, HOT DOGS, APPLE PIE AND MARKETING? ( SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG ) 435 - 439 2016 [Refereed]

Do they really work? Exploring the direct and indirect effects of social media marketing activities on different service sectors in Japan

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of 3rd World Research Summit for Tourism 1 - 7 2015.12 [Refereed]

Country-of-origin and brand effects on customers’ service evaluations

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of International Marketing Trends Conference 1 - 10 2015.01 [Refereed]

The effects of social media on keeping using indemnity insurance service(General Contribution Article)

SANO Kaede （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

Journal of Information and Management ( 日本情報経営学会 ) 35 ( 2 ) 64 - 73 2015 [Refereed]

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of social media in customers' satisfaction and behavior in financial service. Social media is being commercialized as a powerful tool to build and maintain long-term relationships between customers and businesses. This study focuses on one of financial services - indemnity insurance service, which is believed as high perceived risk service and discusses how customer satisfaction, positive WOM, and repurchase intention are influenced by social media through covariance structure analysis.

Do Social Media Marketing Activities Enhance Customer Satisfaction, Promote Positive WOM and Affect Behavior Intention? : An Investigation into the Effects of Social Media on the Tourism Industry

Sano Kaede （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

同志社商学 ( 同志社大学商学会 ) 66 ( 3 ) 491 - 515 2014.12

This study aims to clarify how social media marketing activities work in tourism industy and how they can help travel agencies increase customer satisfaction and affect positive word-of-mouth as well as behavior intentions. An internet based survey was conducted to examine moderation hypotheses, which was analyzed by factor analysis and covariance structure analysis. The result show that social media marketing activities affects customer satisfaction stronger than behavior intention and positive word-of-mouth. Moreover, the results also show that customer satisfaction influence behavior intention stronger than positive word-of-mouth.

商学会研究会報告サービス評価における原産国効果とブランド効果の比較

佐野楓（Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

同志社商学 ( 同志社大学商学会 ) 66 ( 2 ) 411 - 413 2014.09

Accessing Resources for Social Customer Relationship Management : The critical role of social media in CRM

Sano Kaede （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

同志社商学 ( 同志社大学商学会 ) 66 ( 2 ) 366 - 389 2014.09

This present study aims to clarify the critical role that social media works on customer relationship managemant (CRM). As more and more people are using social media as one of essential tools to communicate and gain latest information, the commercialization of social media is an important task to companies. Although social CRM is still in its early age, it is believed that social CRM is replacing traditional CRM to build stable and long-term relationship between companies and customers. This study seeks to build a conceptual framework of social CRM and shows some steps of building social CRM strategy.

Does social media enhance innovation in customer relationship management

Kaede Sano （Part： Lead author,　Corresponding author )

The Proceedings of Global Marketing Conference 1 - 12 2014.07 [Refereed]

The Theoretical Exploration of the Inter-relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Service

Sano Kaede

同志社商学 ( 同志社大学商学会 ) 65 ( 4 ) 421 - 438 2014.01

An empirical study of the effect of social media marketing activities upon customer satisfaction, positive word-of-mouth and commitment in indemnity insurance service” Proceeding of International Marketing Trends Conference

Kaede Sano

The Proceedings of International Marketing Trends Conference 1 - 16 2014.01 [Refereed]

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